What is block cave mining?

Touted as the deep mining method of the future, block caving is an underground mass-mining method that allows for the bulk extraction of large, relatively lower-grade ore deposits that are vertical in orientation.

What does block caving mean?

Definition of block-caving

: a mining in which sections of a large ore body are undercut by working places and then permitted to cave in, the ore so crushed being recovered through drifts.

What is cave in mining?

A cave-in is a collapse of a geologic formation, mine or structure which may occur during mining, tunneling, or steep-walled excavation such as trenching.

What are the 4 types of mining?

There are four main mining methods: underground, open surface (pit), placer, and in-situ mining. Underground mines are more expensive and are often used to reach deeper deposits.

What is panel cave mining?

Panel caving allows the extraction of very large orebodies by dividing them up into ‘panels’, which are mined progres- sively, although, as with block caving, the panel can in some cases cover the full footprint of the orebody.

What is cave method?

The CAVE technique is a method that allows the researcher to analyze any naturally occurring verbatim materials for explanatory style. This technique permits the measurement of various populations that are unwilling or unable to take the ASQ.

What is sublevel stoping?

Sublevel stoping is a mining method in which ore is blasted from different levels of elevation but is removed from one level at the bottom of the mine. Before mining begins, an ore pass is usually drilled from a lower to a higher elevation.

What is bord and pillar mining method?

A system of mining in which the distinguishing feature is the winning of less than 50% coal on the first working. It is more an extension of the development work than mining. The second working is similar in principle to top slicing.

How does stope mining work?

Sublevel stoping is a mining technique in which ore is blasted from the roof of a drift directly into an ore pass below. Loaders and haulers transport the ore and loose rock to another ore pass, which funnels it into a hopper. The hopper controls how much material is allowed into the crusher.

What is top slicing in mining?

: a method of mining large ore bodies from the top downward by consecutively removing a series of horizontal slices under a caved capping.

What is longitudinal stoping?

Longitudinal longhole retreat is a branch of the generic mining method known as sublevel stoping. For longitudinal retreat the long axis of the stope is along (or parallel) to the strike of the orebody. It may also be referred to as bench stoping or sublevel benching.

What is Airleg mining?

noun. Mining. An air-operated support for a rock drill, used especially when drilling horizontally; frequently attributive.

How mining methods are done in underground?

The procedure involves drilling vertically downwards directly into the ore. This is followed by drilling sub levels horizontally at consistent intervals (as shown in figure 1). Once sub levelling is completed, a series of circular patterned blasts are detonated from each level and the demolished ore is excavated.

What are the 3 types of mining?

Open-pit, underwater, and underground mining. These are the three main methods of mining we use to extract our products from the ground.

What are the 5 types of mining?

5 Different Types of Mining

• Strip Mining.
• Open Pit Mining.
• Mountaintop Removal.
• Dredging.
• Highwall Mining.

How long do miners stay underground?

Miners usually work shifts, and they can be on for 10 days in a row. Some head down before sunrise and return anywhere from seven to 12 hours later.

How do I become a miner?

You can become a miner with the following steps:

1. Complete education. A minimum of a high school diploma is often a requirement to become a miner. …
2. Sign up for an apprenticeship. …
3. Study and apply for licensure. …
4. Apply for mining positions.

How do mines get oxygen?

The concept is known as “flow through” ventilation: air is sucked into a shaft underground by fans on the surface, while extractors at the top of the mine drag the air back out. As it passes through the various passageways of the mine it brings with it the fresh supply of oxygen.

How much do miners earn?

Average wage in mining is $123,844. Again, the top average advertised salary was recorded in the Mining, Resources & Energy industry at $123,844.

What are the highest paying jobs in mining?

Fortune hunters: the top ten best paid mining jobs

• Project director/ drilling operations director – up to $400,000.
• Project Controls and Site Managers – up to $350,000.
• Engineers – up to $240,000.
• Geologists – up to $230,000.
• Metallurgists – up to $220,000.
• Geophysicists – up to $200,000.

What is the highest paying job in the mining industry?

Metallurgist are one of the highest paid employees in the mining industry. A Graduate Metallurgist right out of the gate will earn between $50,000 and $90,000 per year.

How many hours do miners work a day?

Friedman said that miners often work 47 or 48 hours per week, clocking multiple 10- to 12-hour shifts, which is above the national average for workers, which is about 38 hours per week.

Is mining a good career?

Mining is one of highest paying jobs in the market. While salaries and payouts can fluctuate depending on the natural mineral mined, miners have the potential to make more in one day than most people will see in their entire life.

How deep is a mine?

List of deepest mines