What was the cause of the Great Hanshin Earthquake?

The great Hanshin earthquake was caused by plate motion under Hanshin area. The inland shallow earthquake type decides its severe damage to cities such as Kobe and Osaka, by both shocking waves and soil liquification.

What plates caused the Great Hanshin Earthquake?

The Kobe quake was a result of an east-west strike-slip fault where the Eurasian and Philippine plates interact.

What happened during the Great Hanshin Earthquake?

Damage was widespread and severe. Structures irreparably damaged by the quake included nearly 400,000 buildings, numerous elevated road and rail bridges, and 120 of the 150 quays in the port of Kobe. The quake triggered approximately 300 fires, which raged over large portions of the city.

What damage did the Christchurch earthquake cause?

It caused widespread damage across Christchurch, killing 185 people, in the nation’s fifth-deadliest disaster.
2011 Christchurch earthquake.

Does liquefaction cause earthquake?

Liquefaction takes place when loosely packed, water-logged sediments at or near the ground surface lose their strength in response to strong ground shaking. Liquefaction occurring beneath buildings and other structures can cause major damage during earthquakes.

What damage did liquefaction cause?

Damage from liquefaction

The overlying ground can also sink, spread and crack. Underground pipes and tanks float and break. Power poles fall and break cables. During the Canterbury earthquakes, over 400 000 tonnes of silt came to the surface, covering streets and gardens in several suburbs.

What is the effect of liquefaction?

Liquefaction of soil causes structural instability in buildings. This occurs due to various instances of structural failure. The liquefied ground cannot sustain the stresses of its load from the foundations. Foundations will sink into the sand deposit and cause the building to lean and eventually collapse.

What are the effects of earthquake-induced liquefaction?

The consequences to structures and utilities of earthquake-induced liquefaction include: 1) Non-uniform and differential settlement of structures often resulting in cracking. 3) Flotation of buried structures such as sewer lines, tanks, and pipes. 4) Strong lateral forces against retaining structures such as seawalls.

Why does liquefaction increase the damage caused by earthquakes quizlet?

Why does liquefaction increase the damage caused by earthquakes? It causes the sediment supporting buildings to behave like a fluid.

What are the factors of liquefaction?

What factors are necessary for liquefaction to occur?

• Loose, granular soil – typically artificial fill (landfill) and beach or stream deposits that are loosely compacted.
• Saturation of the soil by ground water (water fills the spaces between the soil particles).
• Strong shaking.

What is the effect of earthquake-induced landslide?

Landslides here are called earthquake-induced landslides. These landslides account for a large number of deaths and high economic losses, damaging engineering structures including settlements, dams, bridges, and communication systems (Keefer, 1984).

What are the causes and effects of landslide?

Factors that trigger landslide movement include heavy rainfall, erosion, poor construction practices, freezing and thawing, earthquake shaking, and volcanic eruptions. Landslides are typically associated with periods of heavy rainfall or rapid snowmelt and tend to worsen the effects of flooding.

What are the major causes of landslides?

Landslides are caused by disturbances in the natural stability of a slope. They can accompany heavy rains or follow droughts, earthquakes, or volcanic eruptions. Mudslides develop when water rapidly accumulates in the ground and results in a surge of water-saturated rock, earth, and debris.

What factors might have caused the landslide?

Landslides can be initiated in slopes already on the verge of movement by rainfall, snowmelt, changes in water level, stream erosion, changes in ground water, earthquakes, volcanic activity, disturbance by human activities, or any combination of these factors.

What are the common causes of landslide in the Philippines?

• Natural triggers.
• Intense rainfall.
• Weathering of rocks.
• Ground vibrations created during earthquakes.
• Volcanic activity.
• Man-made triggers.

What main factors cause landslides and floods?

What causes them? Climate and climate change. Climate and climate change controls precipitation and snowmelt (frequency, intensity and magnitude, seasonality, cyclonality and the respective changes), and are the most important external drivers for landslides and flooding. Land use changes.

What are landslides list out five major causes of landslides in India?

Take a look at the 5 factors that trigger landslides in India:

• Deforestation. Landslides due to human intervention is one of the causes of landslides in India. …
• Shifting Cultivation. Shifting cultivation is common in hilly regions and Northeast areas. …
• Heavy Rainfall and Earthquakes. …
• Mining. …
• Urbanisation.

What are the causes of landslides in Sikkim?

The altitude of areas vary from 300 m.a.s.l to 8598 m.a.s.l The State of Sikkim is plagued by various type of mass movement. The triggering factors are invariably excessive water, earthquakes, and ruggedness etc. Landslides triggered by heavy rain been constant sources of destruction of property and loss of lives.

How does a landslide cause disaster which areas are prone to it?

Landslides are the gravitational movement of rocks, masses of earth, or debris through the mountain slopes. Hilly slopes become unstable due to groundwater pressure, earthquakes, erosions and volcanic eruptions, which causes landslides.

What are the six major landslide triggering mechanism?

The primary external factors that can trigger a landslide include: (1) weathering of rock strata; (2) increased pore water pressure, such as the infiltration of rainwater or rise of groundwater surface; (3) increased loading by, for example, rainfall, accumulated snow or flourish vegetation; (4) the supporting forces …

How is landslide regarded as a disaster caused by human?

Yes, in some cases human activities can be a contributing factor in causing landslides. Many human-caused landslides can be avoided or mitigated. They are commonly a result of building roads and structures without adequate grading of slopes, poorly planned alteration of drainage patterns, and disturbing old landslides.

What are the causes of the 2006 landslide in Guinsaugon?

There are a couple key pieces of evidence that point to why the landslide occurred. The first reason is mother nature. Heavy rains continuously pounded the Guinsaugon area during early February, with up to nearly 30 inches of rain recorded in some areas, about 4 times as much as normal.