What roles did abiotic factors play in succession after the eruption?

Abiotic factors were critical to plant and animal survival and colonization. Wind played an important role in transporting spiders, insects, and seeds into the blast zone. Plant survivors, rocks, and landscape features acted as “nets” that caught windblown seeds.

What roles did factors such as moisture and landforms play in succession after the eruption?

What roles did factors such as wind, moisture, and landforms play in succession after the eruption? Imitating early succession processes by blowing in spiders, insects, and seeds from nearby undisturbed areas. How has the red alder tree influenced succession?

Which type of succession occurred after Mt St Helens erupted?

Primary Succession

Primary Succession
For example, in Mount Saint Helens, Washington, an erupting volcano decimated all nearby living organisms. Changes in this community will continue for centuries.

How did some plants survive the eruption?

How did some plants survive eruptions? Plants survived the eruption because their roots were covered/protected by the moist soil. What is the name of the plants who survived eruptions, what was their role in regenerating a disturbed area? The serving plants were called survivors.

Did any plants survive Mount St Helens?

Plants such as willow, vine maple, and black cottonwood were able to re-sprout from roots protected in moist soil. Those plants are called survivors, and they were very important to the re-initiation of plants on the barren landscape. Some snow-protected Pacific silver fir and mountain hemlock trees also survived.

What factors play a part in the recovery of vegetation and wildlife in areas affected by volcanic eruptions?

The biological response to the spectacular 1980 eruption was rapid, with the most important factors being the biological legacies, the diverse source populations surrounding the blast area, the presence of unconsolidated volcanic deposits in which animals could burrow and plants could take root, and a moist climate …

What did the ecologist find when he first came to the mountain after the eruption?

13: What did the ecologist find when he first came to the mountain after the eruption? The ecologists found no remnant of moving life anywhere.

Is Mt St Helens still erupting?

Mount St. Helens remains the most active volcano in the Cascade Range. Of the volcanoes in the contiguous U.S., it is the most likely to erupt in the future and even in “our lifetimes,” according to USGS. However, neither a large avalanche or lateral blast like those in 1980 are likely due to the deep crater.

How long did it take to recover from Mt St Helens?

Helens: 40 Years of Recovery.

How did Mt St Helens erupt?

A wave of decreasing pressure down the volcanic conduit to the subsurface magma reservoir, which then began to rise, form bubbles (degas), and erupt explosively, driving a 9-hour long Plinian eruption. Steam-blast eruption from summit crater of Mount St. Helens.

Is lahar a lava?

A lahar is a hot or cold mixture of water and rock fragments that flow quickly down the slopes of a volcano. They move up to 40 miles per hour through valleys and stream channels, extending more than 50 miles from the volcano. Lahars can be extremely destructive and are more deadly than lava flows.

What factors caused Mount St. Helens to erupt?

On the morning of May 18, 1980, after weeks of small tremors, a magnitude 5.1 earthquake shook beneath Mount St. Helens and triggered an enormous eruption.

Did Mt St Helens have lava?

The range of rock types erupted by the volcano changed about 2,500 yr ago, and since then, Mount St. Helens repeatedly has produced lava flows of andesite, and on at least two occasions, basalt.

How does a hot spot supervolcano such as Yellowstone form?

Supervolcanoes occur when magma in the mantle rises into the crust but is unable to break through it and pressure builds in a large and growing magma pool until the crust is unable to contain the pressure. This can occur at hotspots (for example, Yellowstone Caldera) or at subduction zones (for example, Toba).

What type of rock is lava rock?

extrusive igneous rocks

When lava reaches the surface of the Earth through volcanoes or through great fissures the rocks that are formed from the lava cooling and hardening are called extrusive igneous rocks. Some of the more common types of extrusive igneous rocks are lava rocks, cinders, pumice, obsidian, and volcanic ash and dust.

Why is silica rich magma explosive?

Why does silica make magma more explosive? Magmas with higher silica concentration are more viscous, and thus move slower than magmas with less silica. … More crystals in the magma enable more gas bubbles to form, and so they make an eruption more explosive.

What controls the violence of an eruption?

The amount of dissolved gas in the magma provides the driving force for explosive eruptions. The viscosity of the magma, however, is also an important factor in determining whether an eruption will be explosive or nonexplosive.

What factors cause an explosive volcanic eruption?

A volcano’s explosiveness depends on the composition of the magma (molten rock) and how readily gas can escape from it. As magma rises and pressure is released, gas bubbles (mainly of water vapor and carbon dioxide) form and expand rapidly, causing explosions.

How does magma influences the explosiveness of an eruption?

For example, small crystals in the magma help gases escape. More crystals in the magma enable more gas bubbles to form, and so they make an eruption more explosive. The rate at which pressure is reduced also affects the explosiveness.

What roles do gases and viscosity play in the generation of explosive eruptions?

What roles do gases and viscosity play in the generation of explosive eruptions? Higher viscosity and gas content = Higher the eruption. … a large volcanic crater with a diameter of 1 km formed by the explosive volcanic eruption and collapse of surface rock into a partially emptied magma chamber.

What happens after magma is formed?

Magma cools and crystallizes to form igneous rock. Igneous rock undergoes weathering (or breakdown) to form sediment. The sediment is transported and deposited somewhere (such as at the beach or in a delta, or in the deep sea). The deposited sediment undergoes lithification (the processes that turn it into a rock).

What happened to the volcano after an explosive eruption?

The space for the magma to leave is very small and, as it travels, pressure builds, meaning it escapes violently when released. This escaping liquid rock becomes lava, which solidifies as it travels. Layers of lava build up over time, creating volcanoes.

Which process occurs after a volcanic eruption?

After an environmental disturbance such as a volcanic eruption or forest fire, communities are able to replace lost species through the process of succession. Primary succession occurs after a volcanic eruption or earthquake; it involves the breakdown of rocks by lichens to create new, nutrient -rich soils.

What happens to the environment after a volcanic eruption?

Further effects are the deterioration of water quality, fewer periods of rain, crop damages, and the destruction of vegetation. During volcanic eruptions and their immediate aftermath, increased respiratory system morbidity has been observed as well as mortality among those affected by volcanic eruptions.

What will you do after volcanic eruption?

Listen to your local radio stations for civil defence advice and follow instructions. Stay indoors and away from volcanic ashfall areas as much as possible. When it is safe to go outside, keep your gutters and roof clear of ash as heavy ash deposits can collapse your roof.

What do you do before and after the volcanic eruptions?

Wear protection.

Use masks, glasses/goggles, long sleeves, pants, and shoes when clearing out ash to protect your lungs, skin and eyes. Clean your gutters and roof with water after clearing out the ash to prevent corrosion. Wait for further announcements from LGUs or national news related to the volcanic eruption.

What should you do before after and during volcanic eruption?

Limit your time outdoors and use a dust mask or cloth mask as a last resort if you must be outside. Avoid areas downwind and river valleys downstream of the volcano. Take temporary shelter from volcanic ash in the location where you are. Cover ventilation openings and seal doors and windows.