What is the difference between basaltic andesitic and rhyolitic magma?

BASALTIC magmas have a LOW SILICA content (45-55%) and referred to as MAFIC in composition. RHYOLITIC magma contains more than 65% SILICA and is referred to as FELSIC. ANDESITIC magma is INTERMEDIATE in composition (55-65% SILICA).

What is the difference between andesitic and basaltic?

Both lavas are formed at different plate boundaries which is why they have different silica contents: the basaltic lava forms from the hot mantle material at constructive plate boundaries and hotspots whereas the andesitic lava forms at destructive plate boundaries from melting crust.

What is the difference between granitic andesitic and basaltic magma?

Igneous rocks are formed by the crystallisation of a magma. The difference between granites and basalts is in silica content and their rates of cooling. A basalt is about 53% SiO2, whereas granite is 73%.

What is the difference between basaltic and rhyolitic volcanoes?

Basaltic magma has a low viscosity whereas rhyolitic magma has a high viscosity. Volcano – a hill or mountain formed by the extrusion of lava or ejection of rock fragments from a vent.

Is andesitic and rhyolitic the same?

Andesite is an extrusive rock intermediate in composition between rhyolite and basalt. Andesite lava is of moderate viscosity and forms thick lava flows and domes. The word andesite is derived from the Andes Mountains in South America, where andesite is common.

Is basaltic to andesitic magma explosive?

Non explosive eruptions are favored by low gas content and low viscosity magmas (basaltic to andesitic magmas).

What is andesitic magma?

Andesite magma commonly erupts from stratovolcanoes as thick lava flows, some reaching several km in length. Andesite magma can also generate strong explosive eruptions to form pyroclastic flows and surges and enormous eruption columns. Andesites erupt at temperatures between 900 and 1100 ° C.

What is basaltic magma?

Basaltic lava, or mafic lava, is molten rock enriched in iron and magnesium and depleted in silica. Basaltic magmas are formed by exceeding the melting point of the mantle either by adding heat, changing its composition, or decreasing its pressure.

What is a rhyolitic lava flow?

Rhyolitic lavas are viscous and tend to form thick blocky lava flows or steep-sided piles of lava called lava domes. Rhyolite magmas tend to erupt explosively, commonly also producing abundant ash and pumice.

What is an example of andesitic magma?

Andesite commonly erupts from stratovolcanoes, where they form small-volume flows that typically advance only short distances down the flanks of a volcano. The two examples shown here are short andesite flows advancing down the slope of the Lascar volcano in Chile, and the Colima volcano in Mexico.

What minerals are abundant in basaltic andesitic and rhyolitic?

There are three basic types of magma: basaltic, andesitic, and rhyolitic, each of which has a different mineral composition. All types of magma have a significant percentage of silicon dioxide. Basaltic magma is high in iron, magnesium, and calcium but low in potassium and sodium.

Which kind of lava flows faster basaltic or rhyolitic?

Basaltic lava flows move much faster than rhyolitic lava flows. Also, the amount of gas dissolved in the lava can change the flows ability to flow (viscosity). The rate of material that the vent is spewing out. During some eruptions vast amounts of lava are released and so the flows tend to be faster.

When compared to andesitic lavas what characteristics of basaltic lavas will be shown?

In more humid areas, the basalt has a reddish color because of the breakdown of the iron minerals to make rust. In contrast to basaltic lava flows, andesitic lava flows have a higher SiO₂ content of 52–62%, which makes the lava more viscous.

What are the differences in physical properties between basaltic andesitic and rhyolitic lavas?

The principal controls on the physical properties of magma are temperature, SiO2 content, and, to a lesser extent, dissolved-gas content. High temperature and low SiO2 content result in fluid magma (basaltic). Lower temperature and high SiO2 contents result in viscous magma (andesitic and rhyolitic magma).

What is the difference between the composition of lava and magma?

Magma is composed of molten rock and is stored in the Earth’s crust. Lava is magma that reaches the surface of our planet through a volcano vent.

What is the name of the basaltic lava flow that is ropy in nature?

pahoehoe

Lava flowing toward the sea from Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, takes two recognizable forms: fast-flowing, ropy lava, called pahoehoe, and thick, blocky lava, called aa.

What is the name for a basaltic lava flow that has a ropy folded surface?

Pahoehoe lava is characterized by a smooth, billowy, or ropy surface. Pahoehoe flows tend to be relatively thin, from a few inches to a few feet thick.

What are the characteristics of basaltic lava?

Basalt is erupted at temperatures between 1100 to 1250 ° C. Volcanic rock (or lava) that characteristically is dark in color (gray to black), contains 45 to 53 percent silica, and is rich in iron and magnesium. Basaltic lavas are more fluid than andesites or dacites, which contain more silica.

Which type of basaltic lava flow has a fairly smooth ropy surface?

Pahoehoe lava flows are fed almost… … world by their Hawaiian names: pahoehoe, a more fluid flow with a smooth to ropy surface; and aa (or a’a), a more viscous flow whose surface is covered by thick, jumbled piles of loose, sharp blocks. Both types have the same chemical composition; the difference seems to be in the…

What are the 3 types of lava flow?

Lava erupting on the deep sea floor has a form most like pahoehoe flows. Threetypes of lava flows are common on the sea floor: pillow lava, lobate lava, andsheet lava.

What type of lava flows the fastest?

PAHOEHOE – has a shiny, smooth, glassy surface. It tends to be more fluid (lower viscosity), hence flows more quickly and produces thinner flows (typically 1-3 m).

Which of the following is typically associated with rhyolitic magma?

Which of the following is typically associated with rhyolitic magma? Ash and lapilli are different sized pyroclastic particles. Flood basalts are layers of solidified, low viscosity lava that flowed out across the Earth’s surface.

What is the difference between basaltic magma and rhyolitic magma list at least three characteristics for each type of magma?

List at least three characteristics for each type of magma. Basaltic Magma has a low silica content, causing it to have a low viscosity. Contrary, Rhyolitic Magma has a high silica content, causing it to have a high viscosity. Basaltic Magma is very mild and quiet, while Rhyolitic Magma is catastrophic.

What type of volcano has basaltic magma?

Shield volcanoes

Shield volcanoes are formed by basaltic magma, typically above a mantle plume, whereas the stratovolcanoes (sometimes referred to as composite volcanoes) are formed by andesitic/rhyolitic magma. You will also come to understand the relationship between volcanic phenomena and plate tectonics.

Is basaltic magma fluid or viscous?

Viscosity of Magmas

Thus, basaltic magmas tend to be fairly fluid (low viscosity), but their viscosity is still 10,000 to 100,0000 times more viscous than water. Rhyolitic magmas tend to have even higher viscosity, ranging between 1 million and 100 million times more viscous than water.

What is the viscosity of andesitic magma?

102 to 107 Pa s

Andesitic magmas, in particular, have a wide range of magma viscosities, from 102 to 107 Pa s, which is due to a wide range in phenocryst contents from 0 (phenocryst‐free andesitic melt) to ∼50 vol % (50 vol % rhyolitic melt + 50 vol % phenocrysts).