What is nebular hypothesis and condensation theory?

solar nebula, gaseous cloud from which, in the so-called nebular hypothesis of the origin of the solar system, the Sun and planets formed by condensation. Swedish philosopher Emanuel Swedenborg in 1734 proposed that the planets formed out of a nebular crust that had surrounded the Sun and then broken apart.

What is a condensation theory?

Condensation Theory: An extension of Nebular Theory that incorporates interstellar dust as a key ingredient. The solar nebula is initially a thin gas of hydrogen and helium strewn with tiny dust particles. These tiny grains serve as the building blocks of the planets.

What is nebular hypothesis theory?

Our solar system formed at the same time as our Sun as described in the nebular hypothesis. The nebular hypothesis is the idea that a spinning cloud of dust made of mostly light elements, called a nebula, flattened into a protoplanetary disk, and became a solar system consisting of a star with orbiting planets [12].

What is nebular hypothesis in simple words?

nebular hypothesis. [ nĕb′yə-lər ] A model of star and planet formation in which a nebula contracts under the force of gravity, eventually flattening into a spinning disk with a central bulge. A protostar forms at the nebula’s center.

Who first proposed condensation theory?

solar nebula, gaseous cloud from which, in the so-called nebular hypothesis of the origin of the solar system, the Sun and planets formed by condensation. Swedish philosopher Emanuel Swedenborg in 1734 proposed that the planets formed out of a nebular crust that had surrounded the Sun and then broken apart.

What is condensation and accretion?

Condensation is the building of larger particles one atom (or molecule) at a time, whereas accretion is the sticking together of larger particles.

What are the 6 stages of Nebular Theory?

Terms in this set (6)

• Formation begins and gravity causes the nebula to contract. …
• gravity pulls in the mass of the nebula in, then starts spinning, then the disk forms (planetary, solar disk); gravitational energy gets converted to thermal energy (heat); gets so hot, then nuclear fusion, then the sun is born.

What is nebular contraction?

Page 13. Nebular contraction: Cloud of gas and dust contracts due to gravity; conservation of angular momentum means it spins. faster and faster as it contracts.

What is condensation in astronomy?

Condensation is the process of forming solid particles from the solar nebula, whereas the solar nebula is a cloud of interstellar gas and dust that condensed to form the entire solar system, including the sun and planets.

Why is dust important to the condensation theory?

The key ingredient in the modern Condensation Theory is dust, which helps to cool the gas, and forms the nuclei for planetesimals to grow.

What happens gravitational condensation?

What happens in the process of gravitational condensation? An object decreases in size due to the collision of materials. Gas particles are formed from solar nebula materials. Solid particles are formed from solar nebula materials.

What happens in the process of gravitational condensation Brainly?

Answer: An object decreases in size due to the collision of materials.

What is gravitational instability theory?

Torn apart. Another possible explanation for planetary formation – the “gravitational-instability model” – was first proposed over half a century ago. In this, a spinning cloud of gas, dust and ice around a star collapses into a disc and forms spiral arms. Those arms then break into clumps that grow until planets form.

Is gravity unstable?

The key idea in explaining the way in which structures evolve in the universe is gravitational instability. If material is to be brought together to form structures, then a long-range force is required, and gravity is the only known possibility.

What lies in between Mars and Jupiter?

Most of these objects, called planetoids or asteroids — meaning “star-like” — orbit between Mars and Jupiter in a grouping known as the Main Asteroid Belt. The Main Asteroid Belt lies more than two-and-a-half times as far as Earth does from the sun. It contains millions of asteroids, according to NASA.

What if Jupiter was a hot Jupiter?

Due to the mixing of inner-planetary-system material with outer-planetary-system material from beyond the frost line, simulations indicated that the terrestrial planets that formed after a hot Jupiter’s passage would be particularly water-rich.

How many Super Earths are there?

The Solar System contains no known super-Earths, because Earth is the largest terrestrial planet in the Solar System, and all larger planets have both at least 14 times the mass of Earth and thick gaseous atmospheres without well-defined rocky or watery surfaces; that is, they are either gas giants or ice giants, not …

How hot is Venus?

900 degrees F.

It appears that the surface temperature ranges from about 820 degrees to nearly 900 degrees F. The average surface temperature is 847 degrees F., hot enough to melt lead. No wonder the ocean basins are “dry”. At these temperatures any water would evaporate nearly instantaneously.

How hot is the Saturn?

On the surface, Saturn’s average temperature varies from about -185 degrees Celsius (-300 degrees Fahrenheit) to -122 C (-188 F). The temperature variation is due to the planet’s internal processes, not the sun. As you dive through the clouds, temperatures increase to Earth-like conditions.

Is Uranus hot or cold?

speeds on Uranus range from 90 to 360 mph and the planet’s average temperature is a frigid -353 degrees F. The coldest temperature found in Uranus’ lower atmosphere so far is -371 degrees F., which rivals Neptune’s frigid temperatures. Findings from Hubble reveal that clouds circle Uranus at over 300 mph.

How warm is the moon?

When sunlight hits the moon’s surface, the temperature can reach 260 degrees Fahrenheit (127 degrees Celsius). When the sun goes down, temperatures can dip to minus 280 F (minus 173 C). There are also no seasons on the Moon. We have seasons because the Earth tilts on an axis at roughly 23.5 degrees.

What planet is the coldest?

Uranus

The coldest planet in our solar system on record goes to Uranus which is closer to the Sun and ‘only’ about 20 times further away from the Sun than the Earth is.

Can we set Jupiter on fire?

This corresponds to about 13 times the mass of Jupiter, meaning that Jupiter itself is incapable of ever ‘igniting’. Jupiter lies pretty close to the limit of what we’d call a gas giant. But by definition, if a gas giant is massive enough to ‘ignite’ deuterium fusion it is not a gas giant at all, but a brown dwarf.

Why is Pluto so cold?

Pluto’s low gravity (about 6% of Earth’s) causes the atmosphere to be much more extended in altitude than our planet’s atmosphere. Pluto becomes much colder during the part of each year when it is traveling far away from the Sun.