What is descriptive geometry in architecture?

Descriptive geometry is a section of geometry in which different methods of three- dimensional representation of objects on a flat surface are studied. It is one of the main disciplines in professional training of an architect.

What is the meaning of descriptive geometry?

Definition of descriptive geometry

: the theory of geometry treated by means of projections specifically : the theory of projecting an exactly defined body so as to deduce both projective and metrical properties from its projections, the projections usually being made on two planes at right angles to each other.

Is descriptive geometry still used?

Apparently, in architectural practices, CAD has replaced descriptive geometry as a tool for the representation of three-dimensional shapes. In universities, the teaching of descriptive geometry is disappearing. The mathematicians have not cared about these studies since the first decade of the last century.

Who is the father of descriptive geometry?

Gaspard Monge, count de Péluse

Gaspard Monge, count de Péluse, (born May 10, 1746, Beaune, France—died July 28, 1818, Paris), French mathematician who invented descriptive geometry, the study of the mathematical principles of representing three-dimensional objects in a two-dimensional plane; no longer an active discipline in mathematics, the subject …

What is Monge projection?

Orthogonal projections onto two orthogonal planes. Orthogonal projections onto two orthogonal planes are the basis of the method that was developed by Gaspard Monge, the founder of descriptive geometry. That method is called Monge’s method and it is very important in engineering.

What is the relationship between descriptive geometry and architecture?

Descriptive geometry is a section of geometry in which different methods of three- dimensional representation of objects on a flat surface are studied. It is one of the main disciplines in professional training of an architect.

What angle is a miter line drawn at?

The “Miter Method” is a way in which a 45 degree miter line is drawn to project points, lines, and surface measurements from one view to the next.

What is the glass box theory?

The object is placed in a glass box. The image of the object is projected on the sides of the box. The box is unfolded. The sides of the box are the principal views.

What are the 6 views of orthographic drawing?

surfaces of the object positioned so that they are parallel to the sides of the box, six sides of the box become projection planes, showing the six views – front, top, left, right, bottom and rear.

What is the three regular views?

Although six different sides can be drawn, usually three views of a drawing give enough information to make a three-dimensional object. These views are known as front view, top view and end view.

What is top view called?

What you see when you look at something from directly above. Here is a top view of a camera. Also called a Plan View. See: Plan.

What is 1st angle projection?

In the first angle projection, the object is placed in the 1st quadrant. The object is positioned at the front of a vertical plane and top of the horizontal plane. First angle projection is widely used in India and European countries. The object is placed between the observer and projection planes.

What views have hidden lines?

Hidden lines are used to show surfaces that are not directly visible. All surfaces must be shown in all views. If an edge or surface is blocked from view by another feature, it is drawn using a hidden line.

What is cutting plane line?

Cutting plane lines are thick lines that run through the center of the object that the interior wants to provide an interior view of. Two perpendicular lines with arrows showing in which direction the interior of the object should be viewed are drawn at the end of the line.

What are the 4 orthographic views?

Orthographic drawings are also known as multiviews. The most commonly used views are top, front, and right side. You can imagine it as positioning yourself directly in front, above, or to the right of an object and drawing only what you can see.

What is viewing plane line?

VIEWING PLANE LINES are used to indicate the plane or planes from which a surface or several surfaces are viewed. CUTTING PLANE LINES are used to indicate a plane or planes in which a sectional view is taken.

What is the extension line?

Extension lines continue or extend from the surface of the object and establish the size of the dimension. They do not touch the object lines and extend slightly past the dimension line. Extension lines provide a means of displaying a measurement without placing the dimension on the part.

What is the sketch of visible line?

Visible lines are the edges or “outlines” of an object. They are drawn as solid lines with a thick/heavy weight.

What are the 12 types of lines?

Terms in this set (12)

• Object lines. shows the contour or outline of objects.
• Hidden lines. represents features that are hidden in current view.
• Centerlines. locates the center of circles and arcs.
• Extension lines. show the extinct of a dimension.
• Dimension lines. …
• Leader lines. …
• Cutting-plane lines. …
• Viewing-plane lanes.

What are the 4 types of sketching lines?

Using the Alphabet of Lines

• Construction Line. This line is used mainly in sketching, which is a freehand drawing technique. …
• Visible Object line. This line is used to draw all the edges of the object. …
• Hidden Object Line. …
• Centre Line (or centreline) …
• Extension Line. …
• Dimension Line.

What is RF in engineering drawing?

A representative fraction (RF) is the ratio of distance on the map to distance on the ground.

Which is full size scale?

Full scale is simply letting one inch on a ruler, steel rule, or draftsman’s scale equal one inch on the actual object. Rules of this kind are usually divided into 1 /16” or 1 /32” units. The first measurement exercise will be with full size. If you can measure accurately in full scale, you may want to skip ahead.

What is reducing scale?

1. Reducing scale. When the dimensions on the drawing are smaller than the actual dimensions of the object. It is represented by the scale and RF as Scale: 1 cm = 100 cm or 1 : 100 and by RF = 1 / 100 (less than one)

What is the difference between reducing and increasing scale?

Explanation: Enlarging scale means that the drawing is larger than the actual object. Hence the representative fraction will be greater than unity. For reducing scale the representative fraction is less than unity.