What is a so called hot Jupiter?

What is a so-called “hot Jupiter”? a planet with a mass similar to Jupiter but very close to the central star and therefore hot. What must be true in order for astronomers to be able to use the Doppler technique to determine a planet’s mass? The planet’s orbit must be viewed nearly edge on.

What is the best explanation for the hot Jupiters?

What’s the best explanation for the location of hot Jupiters? They formed farther out like Jupiter but then migrated inward.

What is the difference between a hot Jupiter and a cold Jupiter?

What is the difference between a hot Jupiter and a cold Jupiter? Hot Jupiters orbit close to the parent stars; cold Jupiters do not.

Why are hot Jupiters easy?

Hot Jupiters are the easiest extrasolar planets to detect via the radial-velocity method, because the oscillations they induce in their parent stars’ motion are relatively large and rapid compared to those of other known types of planets.

How many hot Jupiters have we discovered?

400 hot Jupiters

Among the more confounding planets discovered to date are “hot Jupiters” — massive balls of gas that are about the size of our own Jovian planet but that zing around their stars in less than 10 days, in contrast to Jupiter’s plodding, 12-year orbit. Scientists have discovered about 400 hot Jupiters to date.

Why are hot Jupiters at odds with nebular theory?

The nebular theory predicts that massive Jupiter-like planets should not form inside the frost line (at << 5 AU). The discovery of hot Jupiters has forced reexamination of nebular theory. Planetary migration or gravitational encounters may explain hot Jupiters.

What is the grand tack theory?

In planetary astronomy, the grand tack hypothesis proposes that Jupiter formed at 3.5 AU, then migrated inward to 1.5 AU, before reversing course due to capturing Saturn in an orbital resonance, eventually halting near its current orbit at 5.2 AU.

Could you stand on Jupiter?

Jupiter is made up almost entirely of hydrogen and helium, with some other trace gases. There is no firm surface on Jupiter, so if you tried to stand on the planet, you sink down and be crushed by the intense pressure inside the planet. When we look at Jupiter, we’re actually seeing the outermost layer of its clouds.

What if you fell into Neptune?

Video quote: One of the consequences of the high pressure and temperature on neptune is that its carbon and hydrogen atoms could separate forcing isolated carbon atoms to be squeezed into diamond structures.

Would a human be crushed on Jupiter?

There’s no outer crust to break your fall on Jupiter. Just an endless stretch of atmosphere. The big question, then, is: Could you fall through one end of Jupiter and out the other? It turns out, you wouldn’t even make it halfway.

Does it rain diamonds on Jupiter?

New research by scientists apparently shows that it rains diamonds on Jupiter and Saturn. In fact the planets have the capability to create 1000 tonnes of diamonds a year.

Where is Black diamond found?

They are found in only two regions of the world—Brazil and the Central African Republic—and can grow astonishingly large. The group includes the hulking 3,167-carat Brazilian carbonado known as Sergio—the largest diamond ever found.

Can you fly through Jupiter?

The planet is mostly swirling gases and liquids. While a spacecraft would have nowhere to land on Jupiter, it wouldn’t be able to fly through unscathed either. The extreme pressures and temperatures deep inside the planet crush, melt, and vaporize spacecraft trying to fly into the planet.

What planet rains fire?

Last year, astronomers revealed the “hot Jupiter,” which lies about 640 light-years from Earth, has a curious nighttime quirk. Every evening on the planet it rains iron.

What planet is made of diamonds?

In 2012, scientists announced they’d found a planet, 55 Cancri e, that was made out of diamond.

What planet has lava on it?

In a new study announced on November 3, 2020, an international team of researchers described a planet unlike any in our solar system. The Earth-size exoplanet – named K2-141b – is a hot lava world on one side, but extremely cold on the other. It has a magma ocean, a rock vapor atmosphere, and supersonic winds.

Does every planet have lava?

So far, we know volcanoes are found on Mercury, Venus, Earth, the Moon, Mars, and Jupiter’s moon, Io. Right now, active volcanoes are only found on two of these bodies: Earth and Io. However, volcanoes could be erupting on Venus or Jupiter’s moon, Europa.

Is there a planet made of fire?

Well, astronomers have found a twin Earth. The problem is, it’s basically a hellish fire planet. And it’s existence is stumping scientists. The planet in question is Kepler-78b, a planet discovered by NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope that sits some 400 light years away in the constellation Cygnus.

Is the diamond planet real?

Another planet, 55 Cancri e, has been called a “super-Earth” because, like Earth, it is a rocky planet orbiting a sun-like star, but it has twice the radius and eight times the mass. The researchers who discovered it in 2012 concluded that it was carbon-rich, making an abundance of diamond likely.

Is there a volcano in the Moon?

This activity was originally thought to have petered out about 1 billion years ago, but more recent evidence suggests that smaller-scale volcanism may have occurred in the last 50 million years. Today, the Moon has no active volcanoes even though a significant amount of magma may persist under the lunar surface.

What are China doing on the moon?

China National Space Administration head Zhang Kejian announced that China is planning to build a scientific research station on the Moon’s south pole “within the next 10 years,” (2019–2029).

Why havent we been to the moon again?

Astronauts often say the reasons humans haven’t returned to the lunar surface are budgetary and political hurdles, not scientific or technical challenges. Private companies like Blue Origin and SpaceX may be the first entities to return people to the moon.

Is there any volcano in China?

The active volcanoes in China are located in the Changbaishan area, Jingbo Lake, Wudalianchi, Tengchong and Yutian. Several of these volcanoes have historical records of eruption and geochronological evidence of Holocene activity.

Is there volcano in India?

If you took a ferry from the southeast Indian city of Chennai, it will take you 58 hours to reach Port Blair, the capital of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Four-hour sail from there, you will get to see India’s only active volcano, the Barren Island volcano.

How many volcanoes are in the USA?

U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program FAQs: “There are about 169 volcanoes in the United States that scientists consider active. Most of these are located in Alaska, where eruptions occur virtually every year.