What factor determines the competence of a stream?

what factor determines the competence of a stream? the competence of a stream is determined by the size of the particle that the stream can carry and move, and then is explained by the diameter of the biggest particles that are able to be moved.

What determines stream competence?

Stream capacity is the maximum amount of solid load (bed and suspended) a stream can carry. It depends on both the discharge and the velocity (since velocity affects the competence and therefore the range of particle sizes that may be transported).

What factors affect stream flow?

Mechanisms that cause changes in streamflow

• Runoff from rainfall and snowmelt.
• Evaporation from soil and surface-water bodies.
• Transpiration by vegetation.
• Ground-water discharge from aquifers.
• Ground-water recharge from surface-water bodies.
• Sedimentation of lakes and wetlands.

What determines a river’s capacity?

Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. The capacity of a stream or river is the total amount of sediment a stream is able to transport. This measurement usually corresponds to the stream power and the width-integrated bed shear stress across section along a stream profile.

What factors affect a river’s competence and capacity *?

A river’s velocity affects competence, since when the velocity doubles, the competence quadruples. Velocity affects capacity through discharge, since the greater the volume of water in a stream is, the greater its capacity is for carrying sediment.

What is competence and capacity?

Competency is a global assessment and legal determination made by a judge in court. Capacity is a functional assessment and a clinical determination about a specific decision that can be made by any clinician familiar with a patient’s case.

Which stream has the greatest competence?

Streams that carry larger particles have greater competence.

Streams with a steep gradient (slope) have a faster velocity and greater competence. Figure 2. Rivers carry sand, silt and clay as suspended load.

What factors affect stream speed?

The velocity of a river is determined by many factors, including the shape of its channel, the gradient of the slope that the river moves along, the volume of water that the river carries and the amount of friction caused by rough edges within the riverbed.

What is the carrying capacity of a stream?

Literally, the carrying capacity of a stream is the amount of sediment it can transport under the given flow conditions. This is generally a descriptive term not used for quantitative statements of rates and amounts of sediment discharge, and its use is generally discouraged.

What are the three components of sediment load in a stream and how do competence and capacity differ?

What are the components of sediment load in a stream? The sediment load consists of three components, dissolved load, suspended load, and bed load. Distinguish between a stream’s competence and its capacity. A stream’s competence is how big the particles are in a stream and capacity is how much sediment is transported.

What factors determine if a stream will be meandering or braided?

A stream with cohesive banks that are resistant to erosion will form narrow, deep, meandering channels, whereas a stream with highly erodible banks will form wide, shallow channels, preventing the helical flow of the water necessary for meandering and resulting in the formation of braided channels.

What factors would cause a stream to carry an increased amount of sediment?

Capacity and competence. The maximum load of sediment that a stream can transport is called its capacity. Capacity is directly proportional to the discharge: the greater the amount of water flowing in the stream, the greater the amount of sediment it can carry.

What determines if a stream will erode transport and deposit sediment?

Water Flow. Whether sediment will be eroded, transported or deposited is depended on the particle size and the flow rate of the water. Water flow, also called water discharge, is the single most important element of sediment transport.

What factors control stream erosion and deposition?

Both natural and human- caused factors affect the amount of erosion a stream may experience. Natural factors include the gradient (or steepness) of the streambed since that affects the speed of the flow of water. Rainfall and snowmelt affect the amount of water in a stream as well as the speed of the flow.

What two major factors result in deposition in a stream channel?

The process of deposition occurs when bedload and suspended load come to rest on the bottom of the water column in a stream channel, lake, or ocean. The two major factors causing deposition are the decrease in stream gradient and the reduction in velocity.

What are the three stream transport mechanisms?

The three processes are rolling or traction, in which the particle moves along a sedimentary bed but is too heavy to be lifted from it; saltation; and suspension, in which particles remain permanently above the bed, sustained there by the turbulent flow of the air or water (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 2003).

What is the difference between capacity and competence of a river?

The difference between stream capacity and stream competence is that capacity measures quantity of sediment while competence measures size of particles comprising sediment.

Which of the following factors influence the shape of a river?

The flow velocity, or speed of flow, can influence the shape and rate of erosion of a river system. The cross-sectional shape of a river dictates how much friction will impact the flow of water within a river. Finally, the sediment load, or the amount of rocks and soil in the river, impacts its flow velocity and shape.

What two factors determine the physical characteristics of sediments?

What three factors determine the characteristics of sedimentary rocks? The source of sediment, the way sediment was moved and the conditions that sediment was deposited.

What are 3 characteristics that determine sediments sorting in a stream?

Clastic Textures

• Grain Characteristics. The diameter or width of a clastic sediment grain determines its grain size. …
• Rounding. Clastic sediment grains can be round, angular, or in-between (subangular or subrounded). …
• Sorting. The extent to which all the grains are the same size is known as sorting. …
• Other Aspects of Texture.

What 3 characteristics determine the type of sedimentary rock?

Clastic sediments or sedimentary rocks are classified based on grain size, clast and cementing material (matrix) composition, and texture. The classification factors are often useful in determining a sample’s environment of deposition.

Which of the following are common triggers of landslides select four?

Landslides can be initiated in slopes already on the verge of movement by rainfall, snowmelt, changes in water level, stream erosion, changes in ground water, earthquakes, volcanic activity, disturbance by human activities, or any combination of these factors.

What are the other factors that might trigger mass wasting?

Mass-wasting events are triggered by changes that oversteepen slope angles and weaken slope stability, such as rapid snow melt, intense rainfall, earthquake shaking, volcanic eruption, storm waves, stream erosion, and human activities. Excessive precipitation is the most common trigger.

What causes mass movement?

Gravity is the main force responsible for mass movements. Gravity is a force that acts everywhere on the Earth’s surface, pulling everything in a direction toward the center of the Earth.

What are the factors affecting mass wasting?

Such factors include: weathering or erosional debris cover on slopes, which is usually liable to mass movement; the character and structure of rocks, such as resistant permeable beds prone to sliding because of underlying impermeable rocks; the removal of the vegetation cover, which increases the slope’s susceptibility …

What are the 4 factors that influence mass movements?

landslides. Mass wasting is the downhill movement of Earth materials under the pull of gravity. Mass wasting is influenced by slope, material strength, water content, and amount of vegetation. Mass wasting can be triggered by storms, earthquakes, eruptions, and human activity.

What factor do you think affected the movement of the materials?

Physical aspects, such as temperature of the system, can affect how fast the particles are moving. At higher temperature, particles move faster. Chemical factors, such as concentration differences (gradients) and electrical charges, can influence how much, and how fast, the substances will move.