What causes upper level divergence?

Divergence occurs when a stronger wind moves away from a weaker wind or when air streams move in opposite directions. When divergence occurs in the upper levels of the atmosphere it leads to rising air.

What conditions do divergent winds cause?

The convergence of horizontal winds causes air to rise, whereas the divergence of horizontal winds causes downward motion of the air (subsidence).

Where does divergence aloft typically occur relative to an upper-level trough?

The strongest divergence aloft occurs on the northeast side of the trough, where a surface low pressure tens to develop. The strongest convergence aloft occurs on the northwest side of the trough, where a surface high pressure tends to develop.

Where does upper tropospheric convergence occur?

Convergence in the upper troposphere happens just downwind of 500 mb ridges. Note that the upper-level convergence itself takes place above the 500 mb pressure level. Divergence in the lower troposphere takes place near surface high pressure areas.

What causes high pressure aloft?

difference in temperature of air aloft creates a horizontal pressure gradient force which pushes air from warm to cold column. This adds air to cold column, increases surface pressure and generates a pressure difference at the surface between the cold column and warm column of air.

What causes upper-level convergence?

The other two processes are the (1) upper-level convergence/divergence causes by curvature effect and jetstreak effect and (2) surface friction.

What conditions do convergent winds cause?

This causes a mass accumulation that eventually leads to a vertical movement and to the formation of clouds and precipitation. Large-scale convergence, called synoptic-scale convergence, is associated with weather systems such as baroclinic troughs, low-pressure areas, and cyclones.

What causes convergence and divergence?

As you know, a strong wind moving into a weak wind is convergence. Second, as height contours spread apart, a divergence of air occurs. The convergence due to stronger wind moving into weaker wind replenishes the mass lost due to the divergence in the diffluent flow.

What is upper level convergence?

While air swirls inward and converges into the center of surface low pressure, an “upper-level disturbance” causes divergence aloft that allows air columns to shed weight. The end result is rising air, and usually clouds and precipitation associated with a low.

Why is upper air divergence important in the formation of a cyclone?

If the upper levels are favorable for cyclone development, then there is a region of divergence aloft above the developing Low-pressure center. This will help pull the air that is converging at the surface upward and continue to develop the surface cyclone.

What happens when an upper level low lies directly above a surface low?

​When an upper-level low lies directly above a surface low, ​the pressure of the surface low will decrease. ​a wave cyclone will begin to form.

Why does upper level wind have a mostly west to east pattern?

The Coriolis force deflects the air toward the right in the Northern Hemisphere (toward the left in the Southern Hemisphere), which creates a predominant west-to-east flow aloft in the middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere.

What is upper divergence above sea level?

Upper Tropospheric Divergence

A well – developed divergence in the upper layers of the atmosphere is necessary so that the rising air currents within the cyclone continue to be pumped out and a low pressure maintained at the center.

What causes extratropical cyclones?

Extratropical cyclones have cold air at their core, and derive their energy from the release of potential energy when cold and warm air masses interact. These storms always have one or more fronts connected to them, and can occur over land or ocean.

What is the reason why Philippines is prone to typhoon?

Why is the Philippines prone to typhoons? The Philippines is located just above the equator and faces the western Pacific, with little else to absorb the energy of storms before they hit land. Storms are fuelled by the warm, tropical waters, which produce roughly 20 typhoons each year.

How is a cyclone caused?

Cyclone is system of winds rotating inwards at a high speed with the area of low pressure in the middle. Tropical cyclones are formed only over warm ocean waters near the equator. When warm, moist air over the ocean rises upward from near the surface, a cyclone is formed.

What causes cyclones in India?

Cyclones are caused by atmospheric disturbances around a low-pressure area distinguished by swift and often destructive air circulation. Cyclones are usually accompanied by violent storms and bad weather.

What are the causes and effects of cyclones?

Cyclone is caused by the rising of warm air above the surface of sea. When the warm air rises, the cold air rushes to the empty space. Then the cold air gets heated up and again rises in the atmosphere. This process (Cyclone Cycle) takes place continuously.

Who is responsible for cyclone?

There are six factors responsible for the formation of the cyclone: (1) Sufficient warm temperature at sea surface (2) atmospheric instability (3) impact area of Coriolis force so that low pressure can be developed (4) high humidity in the lower to middle levels of the troposphere (5) a pre-existing low-level focus or …

How are cyclone names decided?

The common rule is that the name list is proposed by the National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs) of WMO Members of a specific region, and approved by the respective tropical cyclone regional bodies at their annual/biennual sessions.

Which state of India is prone to cyclone?

Thirteen coastal states and Union Territories (UTs) in the country are affected by tropical cyclones. Four states (Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa and West Bengal) and one UT (Puducherry) on the east coast and one state (Gujarat) on the west coast are more vulnerable to cyclone hazards.

How are cyclones named in India?

In 2000, the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) agreed to start assigning names for cyclones over the North Indian Ocean basin using a list of names suggested by the countries surrounding the ocean basin. Initially, India expressed reservations about naming cyclones.

Who named storm Malik?

the Danish Meteorological Institute

Storm Malik was named by the Danish Meteorological Institute as the most impacts are expected there. They’re part of the northern group of European nations that name storms. The Met Office names storms in association with Ireland’s Met Eireann and the Netherland’s KNMI meteorology service.

Who named Gulab cyclone?

Pakistan

Cyclone Gulab was named by Pakistan.
The panel comprises 13 countries namely, India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Pakistan, the Maldives, Oman, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Iran, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen, who choose the names of cyclones in the region.

Who named cyclone Yash?

Oman

Cyclone Yaas was named by Oman, following the same procedure.

Why the cyclone is named Tauktae?

Like we know, cyclone Tauktae was named by Myanmar. The word translates to a ‘highly vocal lizard’. So after Tauktae, it was Oman’s Yaas in the list next. Yaas is a Persian word, meaning a flower – Jasmine.

Who gave name nisarga?

Bangladesh

Nisarga, which means nature, was coined by Bangladesh. The guidelines for names submitted for the new list included that the suggestions be neutral, non-political, non-religious, and non-gendered terms.