How to handle negative cosine of Solar Zenith Angle while calculating clear-sky UV Index?
Software & ProgrammingDecoding the Sun: What to Do When the Math Goes Dark on UV Index Ever wondered how they calculate that UV Index number you see on weather reports? It’s more than just a guess – it’s a complex calculation that helps us understand the sun’s potential to damage our skin. But what happens when the
How does metamorphism change talc into soapstone?
Earth ScienceAsked by: Christine Harris How is soapstone formed? Soapstone is formed by the metamorphism of ultramafic protoliths (e.g. dunite or serpentinite) and the metasomatism of siliceous dolomites. By mass, “pure” steatite is roughly 63.37% silica, 31.88% magnesia, and 4.74% water. It commonly contains minor quantities of other oxides such as CaO or Al2O3. What does
Can Volcanic Eruptions Help Combat Global Warming in the Long Run?
Earth ScienceAsked by: Christine Harris Do volcanic eruptions help global warming? While sulfur dioxide released in contemporary volcanic eruptions has occasionally caused detectable global cooling of the lower atmosphere, the carbon dioxide released in contemporary volcanic eruptions has never caused detectable global warming of the atmosphere. How can volcanoes be beneficial to ecosystems over a long
Is there any link between sea-water inflitration into groundwater and nitrate?
Earth ScienceAsked by: Christian Myers What sources cause nitrates in groundwater? Nitrates can get into groundwater from many sources, including fertilizers, manure on the land, and liquid waste discharged from septic tanks. Natural bacteria in soil converts various forms of nitrogen into nitrate. Rain and irrigation water can carry nitrate down through the soil into groundwater.
Why does NW coast of Scotland look like it does? (Similar to Norway, so different to other European coastlines)
Earth ScienceAsked by: Christian Myers These are actually a geological feature called “fjord” which the Scandinavian Peninsula and surroundings (including Scotland) are known for. It is the result of glacial erosion during the Ice Ages. Was Scotland connected to Norway? Scotland and Norway share strong links that stretch right back to Viking times. Northern Scotland, was,
What influences the movement (speed and direction) of tropical cyclones?
Earth ScienceAsked by: Carlos Rothstein What influences the movement of a tropical cyclone? Tropical cyclone tracks Their motion is due in large part to the general circulation of Earth’s atmosphere. Surface winds in the tropics, known as the trade winds, blow from east to west, and they are responsible for the general westward motion of tropical