When is the next glaciation due?

Asked by: Ashley Benavides Predicted changes in orbital forcing suggest that the next glacial period would begin at least 50,000 years from now. Moreover, anthropogenic forcing from increased greenhouse gases is estimated to potentially outweigh the orbital forcing of the Milankovitch cycles for hundreds of thousands of years. What is the next glacial period? Next

How is phosphorus getting into lakes and rivers?

Asked by: Jenny Foster Because phosphorus usually clings to soil particles, the main way in which phosphorus gets into water is when soil is washed in and becomes sediment. Excess phosphorus causes excessive growth of plants in waterways, lakes and estuaries leading to eutrophication. How does phosphorus get into a river? Phosphorus moves through the

Would the Earth function the same spinning the other way?

Asked by: Jenny Foster An Earth spinning in the opposite direction would have very different atmospheric and ocean currents. Although the global mean temperature would remain almost the same, the major ocean currents would switch from the Atlantic to the Pacific, changing the planet’s climate drastically. What will happen if the Earth starts rotating in

How would one get a submarine to rise?

Asked by: Mike Burrell How do submarines rise to the surface? In order to control buoyancy, the submarine relies on special tanks that can be filled with water or air. To return to the surface, the tanks are filled with air. This makes the submarine less dense than the water around it, causing the sub

Would epicenters in less-deep areas of ocean tend to reduce the impact of a resulting tsunami somehow (wave “breaks” before getting there?)

Asked by: Mike Burrell What is the largest tsunami possible? Tsunamis generally reach a maximum vertical height onshore, called a run-up height, of no more than 100 feet above sea level. A notable exception was the 1958 tsunami triggered by a landslide in a narrow bay on Alaska’s coast. Its over 1,700-foot wave was the

Where is the least polluted place to live on earth?

Asked by: Kira Huntington The world’s least polluted countries are a mixture between countries and island countries, with the top three being Cape Verde, the Caribbean Netherlands (Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba) and Finland. What place on Earth has the least pollution? 1. Zurich, Switzerland (0.51µg/m3) Zurich is the least polluted city in 2021 and

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