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Posted on January 2, 2023 (Updated on July 19, 2025)

How do I insert rows into a spatial table within a geopackage file via a SQL INSERT statement?

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So, You Want to Add Data to a GeoPackage? Here’s the Lowdown

GeoPackage (GPKG). You’ve probably heard of it, right? It’s become a pretty big deal in the world of geospatial data. Think of it as a super-organized container, a single file really, for all your maps, satellite imagery, and that cool data you collected last summer i. The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) gave it the thumbs-up way back in 2014, and honestly, it’s been gaining steam ever since i. What’s so great? Well, it’s open-source, works on just about anything, and keeps your data nice and tidy i. Perfect for sharing, mobile apps, even when you’re off the grid i.

Now, let’s get down to business. You want to add stuff to a spatial table inside a GeoPackage using SQL. Sounds a bit techy, I know, but trust me, it’s totally doable.

Cracking the GeoPackage Code: It’s All About Structure

At its heart, a GeoPackage is basically a SQLite database—but with a geospatial twist i. It’s got a specific way of organizing things, a schema if you want to get fancy, that tells it where everything goes: tables, the data itself, and even rules to make sure everything stays in its place i. Spatial data, like points on a map, lines tracing rivers, or polygons outlining buildings, are stored in a special binary format within columns designed for them i. Think of it as packing your suitcase strategically so everything fits.

Gear Up: What You’ll Need

Before we dive in, make sure you’ve got these things handy:

  • Your GeoPackage file: This is the .gpkg file where your spatial table lives. Obvious, right?
  • A spatial table, ready and waiting: This table needs to already exist inside your GeoPackage. It should have a column for your geometry (I usually call mine geom), and a primary key column to keep things unique i. Plus, there’s a special table called gpkg_geometry_columns that needs to have an entry for your table, telling it what kind of geometry you’re storing (point, line, polygon) and what coordinate system you’re using i.
  • A way to talk to SQLite: You’ll need something that can run SQL queries on your GeoPackage. I’m a big fan of DB Browser for SQLite – it’s free and pretty user-friendly. QGIS also works, or you can go old-school with the command line i.
  • SpatiaLite – maybe: Here’s a gotcha. GeoPackage uses SQLite as its base, but SQLite doesn’t natively understand spatial functions like “is this geometry empty?” or “what’s the furthest point east?”. That’s where SpatiaLite comes in i. It’s an extension that adds all those goodies. If your GeoPackage uses “triggers” (little bits of code that automatically do things when you add data) that rely on these spatial functions, you’ll need to load SpatiaLite first i. More on that later.
  • The Magic Words: The INSERT Statement

    Okay, time for the main event: the SQL INSERT statement. This is how you actually put data into your table. Here’s a basic example:

    sql

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