Are Bond cycles Dansgaard-Oeschger event(s)?

Asked by: Grant Raymer

What caused the Dansgaard-Oeschger?

The events may be caused by an amplification of solar forcings, or by a cause internal to the earth system – either a “binge-purge” cycle of ice sheets accumulating so much mass they become unstable, as postulated for Heinrich events, or an oscillation in deep ocean currents (Maslin et al..

What are Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations?

Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) cycles are oscillations of the climate system during the Wisconsinan glacial, where the climate switched between a cold glacial climate and a “warm” glacial climate.

When was Dansgaard-Oeschger last?

The last glacial interval, which lasted roughly from 110 to 12 kyears before 2000 AD (b2k), experienced abrupt climatic transitions at millennial timescales, which are called Dansgaard–Oeschger (DO) events^1,2,3.

When did Dansgaard-Oeschger events start?

Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles typically began with a sudden Greenland warming of 10–15 °C within several decades and persisted for about 500 to more than 2000 years. Thus far, 25 events have been identified with an apparent 1600-year periodicity.

What causes bond events?

They are associated with cyclic temperature fluctuations punctuated by abrupt episodes of climate warming, which culminate in massive releases of icebergs from glaciers and continental ice sheets.

When did Heinrich events occur?

Heinrich events are thought to be associated with sudden climate warming events that occurred between approximately 60,000 and 16,800 years ago during the most recent ice age of the Pleistocene Epoch (about 2.6 million to 11,700 years ago).

What is the bipolar seesaw?

The polar see-saw (also: bipolar seesaw) is the phenomenon that temperature changes in the northern and southern hemispheres may be out of phase.

How does the AMOC work?

How does the AMOC work? The AMOC is a large system of ocean currents, like a conveyor belt, driven by differences in temperature and salt content – the water’s density. As warm water flows northwards it cools and some evaporation occurs, which increases the amount of salt.

Why does thermohaline circulation occur?

These deep-ocean currents are driven by differences in the water’s density, which is controlled by temperature (thermo) and salinity (haline). This process is known as thermohaline circulation. In the Earth’s polar regions ocean water gets very cold, forming sea ice.

What is solar forcing?

Changes in solar radiation in a climate model are known as solar forcing. Climate models capture the effects of solar forcing well. The most basic proof of this is that climate models reproduce the diurnal cycle (the difference between night and day) with great accuracy.

What happened in the Younger Dryas?

The Younger Dryas occurred during the transition from the last glacial period into the present interglacial (the Holocene). During this time, the North American, or Laurentide, ice sheet was rapidly melting and adding freshwater to the ocean.

What factors affect the bond market?

Factors that influence the performance of bonds

• Market conditions. Broader market conditions can have an impact on bonds. …
• Ratings. Bonds are assigned credit ratings by ratings agencies, such as Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s. …
• The age of a bond. The age of a bond relative to its maturity date can affect pricing.

What factors affect bond yields?

The economic factors that influence corporate bond yields are interest rates, inflation, the yield curve, and economic growth. Corporate bond yields are also influenced by a company’s own metrics such as credit rating and industry sector.

What happens to bonds when interest rates rise?

Interest rates and bond prices generally move in opposite directions. Thus, when interest rates go up, the price of fixed-rate bonds usually falls. Similarly, a fall in interest rates causes the price of fixed-rate bonds to increase.

Are bonds a good investment now 2022?

However, recent survey data does suggest that inflation is expected to decline over the coming years and if that holds it could be good news for bonds. Yes, bonds have had a tough run in 2022, but with currently higher yields, if you’re optimistic on inflation, bonds may make sense in your portfolio.

Why are rising rates good for bonds?

Rising rates can have a silver lining for bond investors



During periods of rising interest rates, regular coupon payments and reinvestment in new higher-yielding bonds help cushion the impact of declining prices for existing bonds and can boost total return over time.

Are bonds good with rising interest rates?

Investment in fixed income securities typically decrease in value when interest rates rise. This risk is usually greater for longer-term securities. Investments in lower-rated and non-rated securities present a greater risk of loss to principal and interest than higher-rated securities.

When should you invest in bonds?

If you’re heavily invested in stocks, bonds are a good way to diversify your portfolio and protect yourself from market volatility. If you’re near retirement or already retired, you may not have the time to ride out stock market downturns, in which case bonds are a safer place for your money.

Why do bond prices fall when inflation increases?

Since the interest payments from existing fixed-income assets become less competitive relative to newer higher-rate fixed-income instruments, the prices of existing fixed-income assets in the bond market will fall. In other words, there is an inverse relationship between interest rates and fixed-income asset prices.

Why are bond funds going down?

If interest rates increase, previously issued bonds lose value because an investor can buy new bonds with the same maturity date and receive a higher yield (and income stream). Long-term bonds will experience greater losses compared with short-term bonds when interest rates increase.